Photo by Mark Paton on Unsplash

• Share

PRINT

Q: I have persistent ringing in my ears, mostly in my right ear. My hearing test showed mild hearing loss. What can I try before spending money on hearing aids?

A: You are one of the estimated 15% of American adults who suffer from tinnitus.

For many, it’s a high-pitched ringing, while for others, it sounds like whistling, whooshing, buzzing, chirping, hissing, humming, roaring or even shrieking. It may be constant or intermittent, steady or pulsating.

While there presently is no cure for tinnitus, there are many ways people can manage it so the symptoms do not disrupt their daily lives.

Tinnitus commonly begins in older age and has a close association with hearing loss. It may also occur because of long-term exposure to loud noises, medication side effects, or something as simple as earwax buildup.

It’s unclear what happens in the brain to create the noises. One explanation is that the auditory nerve (which connects the ear to the brain) begins to fray, diminishing normal sounds.

Neurons in the brain’s auditory processing center compensate for this loss by becoming more sensitive. The sensitivity knobs get turned up so high that neurons begin to respond to the activity of other nearby neurons, which creates the perception of a sound that does not exist.

Here are some techniques that may help reduce the symptoms:

Learn your triggers. Write down the circumstances when tinnitus symptoms bother you. It helps to anticipate, prevent or adjust situations that may make tinnitus worse.

Try a masking device. This device looks like a hearing aid and produces sounds (such as nature sounds) that make tinnitus seem quieter. The sound distracts the brain, and tinnitus symptoms become easier to tolerate. [Ed. Note: Some hearing aids have a setting to reduce tinnitus with “fractals,” or atonal chimes, which your brain learns to tune out.]

But you don’t always need a fancy ear device to mask tinnitus sounds. Listening to music or “white noise” helps distract your brain, so you pay less attention to the tinnitus.

Exercise. Regular physical activity can reduce the frequency and intensity of tinnitus, and the distress it causes.

Try mindfulness. A program called Mindfulness Based Tinnitus Stress Reduction builds skills in deep breathing, yoga, relaxation and meditation to help a person deal with tinnitus. Mindfulness programs have been shown to reduce depression and anxiety while improving social functioning and overall mental health in people with tinnitus.

Consider cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or tinnitus retraining therapy. CBT helps you identify negative thoughts about tinnitus and reframe the way you think about and react to tinnitus.

CBT is often used in conjunction with mindfulness. Tinnitus retraining therapy uses counseling and sound masking to help the brain relearn hearing patterns so tinnitus is less noticeable.

© 2024 Harvard University. Distributed by Tribune Content Agency, LLC.