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Panic attacks, trouble breathing, relapses that have sent her to bed for 14 hours at a time: At 35, Marissa Oliver has been forced to deal with the specter of death on COVID-19’s terms. Yet conversations about her illness, fear and anxiety haven’t been easy.

That’s why she headed onto Zoom to attend a “Death Café” — a gathering of strangers willing to explore mortality and its impact on the living, preferably while sipping tea and eating cake.

“In the Death Café, no one winces,” said Oliver, who was diagnosed with the virus in March. “Now, I’m writing down everything in my life that I want to achieve.”

Death Cafés, part of a broader “death-positive” movement to encourage more open discussion about grief, trauma and loss, are held in nearly 100 countries. While many haven’t migrated online in the pandemic, some have.

The global virus’ toll and subsequent social isolation have opened old, unresolved wounds for some. Others attending virtual Death Cafés are coping with fresh losses from COVID-19, cancer and other illness.

Inspired by Swiss sociologist and anthropologist Bernard Crettaz, who organized his first “Café mortel” in 2004, the late British web developer Jon Underwood honed the model and held the first Death Café in his London home in 2011.

The idea spread quickly, and the meetups in restaurants and cafés, homes and parks now span Europe and North America, reaching into Australia, the Caribbean and Japan.

Underwood died suddenly as a result of undiagnosed leukemia in 2017, but his wife and other relatives have carried on. They maintain a website, DeathCafe.com, where hosts post their gatherings.

Diversity and levity

One important difference between Death Cafés and traditional support and bereavement groups is the range of stories.

But the Cafés also offer the freedom to approach the room with levity rather than stern seriousness, and show extraordinary diversity: a mix of races, genders and ages — from people in the moment with terminal loved ones to those who have lost classmates or relatives to suicide.

Death Cafés aren’t intended to “fix” problems and find solutions, but to foster sharing as the road to support. They’re generally kept to 30 people or so, meet monthly and also include the “death curious” — people who aren’t dealing with loss but choose to take on the topic anyway.

Psychotherapist Nancy Gershman, who specializes in grief and loss, has been hosting Death Cafés in New York since 2013, the year after they made their way to the U.S.

“Death Cafés are a place where strangers meet to talk about things regarding death and dying that they can’t bring anywhere else, that they can’t bring home or to co-workers or to best friends,” she said.

Registered nurse Nicole Heidbreder is a birth and end-of-life doula. She also trains others as doulas and has been hosting Death Cafés in Washington, D.C., for about five years.

“I was working as a full-time hospice nurse, and I very quickly recognized how many families I was sitting with whom this was their very first time talking about the end of life. I just felt it was such an absolute shame,” Heidbreder said.

“One of the parallels between birth and death is that a little more than 100 years ago in our country, all of us would have been very well versed in what birth and death literally looked like,” she said. “We would have seen our family and neighbors do the tasks of tending to people who are giving birth or families who are losing someone. And now we simply aren’t exposed to that.”

More frequent during pandemic

Heidbreder said the coronavirus has changed the conversation yet again. She said she shifted to offering the virtual Cafés “on a weekly basis at the time of peak COVID in the country.”

She now hosts people not just in the D.C. area, as she did before the pandemic, but across the country, from California to North Carolina. More healthcare workers have shown up, too.

Dana Trent is a professor of world religions at Wake Tech Community College in Raleigh, North Carolina. She served as a hospital chaplain in a death ward at age 25 after graduating from divinity school, assisting 200 facing death in a year.

The ordained Southern Baptist minister used her experiences in the hospital for a 2019 book, Dessert First: Preparing for Death While Savoring Life, which offers a view of how “positive death” can be achieved.

“COVID has certainly brought death to the forefront. It has brought the death-positive movement to the forefront, but we’re still scared,” Trent said. “What I’m grateful for is that COVID has awakened society to the possibility of death. None of us is getting out of here alive.”

—AP